Kumar Refining consists of neutralizing, bleaching, and deodorizing. Batch neutralizing comprises of treatment of oil with sric acid, alkali, and water washing to remove gums and free acids. Bleaching i.e. treatment of oil with bleaching earth is carried out at controlled temperature and vacuum for pre-determined retention time, followed by filtration. This step will generally produce oil with lower levels of residual stides and colour pigments. The next stage is deodorizing, which is used for deodorizing bleached oils with high temperature and vacuum followed by cooling in the heat exchanger.