Diesel fuel is a mixture of hydrocarbons—with boiling points in the range of 150 to 380°C—which are obtained from petroleum. Petroleum crude oils are composed of hydrocarbons of three major classes: (1) paraffinic, (2) nahenic (or cycloparaffinic), and (3) aromatic hydrocarbons. Unsaturated hydrocarbons (olefins) rarely occur in the crude. It should be noted that the terms ‘paraffinic’ and ‘nahenic’ seem to be obsolescent; we use them because they are still common in the petrochemical industry. In modern chemistry, the respective groups of hydrocarbons are called alkanes and cycloalkanes.
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